CBSE IT class 10 x computer subject term 1 one day revision

ONE DAY REVISION

CBSE Sample Paper Class X (Term I) Information Technology

ONE DAY

REVISION

Revise ll the A Concepts in a Day

Just Before the Examination...

Part A : Employability Skills

● Communication Skills-II

1. Communication It is a process which involves

sharing of information, opinion, ideas, and beliefs

between two or more persons through a

continuous activity of speaking, listening and

understanding.

2. Types of Communication There are three basic

types of communication:

● Verbal communication refers to using words

to exchange thoughts, feelings and ideas with

others. There are two types of verbal

communication: Oral and Written

communication.

● Non-Verbal communication is usually

understood as the process of communication

through sending and receiving wordless

messages between people using cues like

gestures, body language etc.

● Visual communication is the communication

using a non-verbal medium such as visual

aids, posters, sign-boards etc.

3. Feedback in Communication

● Feedback is the response that a receiver gives

after the message is received and understood

by him/her.

● Effective feedback has the following

characteristics: Intention, Specific, Fair and

Non-Judgemental, Timeline, Usefulness,

Clarity.

● The different types of feedback are: Formal and

Informal, Descriptive and Non-Descriptive,

Specific and Non-Specific.

4. Effective Communication

● Effective communication means transfer of

exact message in time and with clarity.

● The three important points to be considered in

communication are content, process and context.

● The 7C’s of effective communication are: Clear,

Concise, Concrete, Correct, Coherent, Complete,

Courteous.

● A communication barrier is an obstacle that

prevents the receiver from receiving and

understanding the message that has been sent by

a sender.

● There are several factors or barriers that may affect

the communication. They are – Lingual factors,

Environmental factors, Past experiences, Cultural

influence, Prejudice, Feelings, and Personal

factors.

5. Basic Writing Skills

● The effectiveness of written communication

depends on the usage of appropriate words,

grammatically correct sentences, and their

organisation into a coherent structure.

● A group of words that makes complete sense is

called a sentence. Every complete sentence has

two parts — a Subject and a Predicate.

● The types of sentences are: Assertive, Imperative,

Interrogative, and Exclamatory.

● A phrase is a group of words that form a unit within a

sentence but is incomplete independently.

● The different types of phrases are: a noun phrase,

a verb phrase, an adjective phrase, an adverbal

phrase and a prepositional phrase.

● Each word in the English language belongs to a

particular class or parts of speech. The eight parts

of speech in English grammar are: Nouns,

Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Adverbs,

Prepositions, Conjunctions and Interjections.

● An article is a word that is used to modify a

noun. There are two different types of articles:

Indefinite articles( A and An) and Definite

article(The).

● A paragraph is a group of sentences that

describe one idea.

● The rules to construct a good paragraph are:

(a) Write an outline for the paragraph

(b) Write the topic sentence

(c) Write supporting sentences for each outline

(d) Write concluding sentence

● Self-Management Skills-II

1. Stress Management

● Stress is our body-and-mind’s response and

reaction to challenging situations in our lives.

There are two types of stress : Good Stress

and Bad Stress.

● The various stress management techniques

are:

(a) Physical exercise

(b) Sports

(c) Yoga

(d) Meditation

(e) Taking break

(f) Nature walks

(g) Holidaying and vacationing

2. Working Independently

● An independent person is aware of his feelings

and character; observes and evaluates his

behaviour, and corrects his mistakes.

● The advantages of working independently are:

(a) Boosts self-confidence

(b) Makes the person self-reliant

(c) Increases self-esteem

(d) Makes person accountable

(e) Makes the person emotionally independent

● Self-awareness means being aware of your

personality, including your strengths, weaknesses,

thoughts, emotions and motivations. There are two

types of self-awareness: External and Internal.

● Self-motivation drives a person to attempt and

accomplish tasks. There are two types of

self-motivation: Intrinsic and Extrinsic.

● Self-regulation involves being able to control

reactions to emotions like frustration or excitement.

● The fundamental of being independent are the

ability to work on your own, with minimal direction,

confidence, self-awareness, self-motivation, and

self-regulation.

● Information and Communication

Technology Skills-II

1. Operating System

● An operating system is the first program that gets

loaded into a computer memory.

● The operating system acts as an interface

between the hardware and software.

● Based on the way the operating system lets the

user to interact, they are classified into two types:

GUI (Graphical User Interface) and CUI

(Character User Interface).

● Desktop is the first screen that is displayed after

switching on computer.

● A file system defines the ways in which files are

named and placed for storage and retrieval.

● A clipboard is a temporary memory buffer

provided by the operating system to store data

temporarily.

2. Basic Computer Maintenance

● Computer maintenance refers to the actions

carried out so as to keep a computer in a good

state of working.

● Computer maintenance includes: physical

cleaning, internal cleaning and keeping backup

and update software.

● Physical cleaning removes dust and debris

whereas, internal cleaning keeps computer

applications and programs virus free.

● Computer virus is a malicious program written

specifically to harm data and applications on a

computer.

● Other virus like threats in computer are: Worms,

Trojan horses etc.

● Anti-Virus software scans a computer virus and

removes them.

Part B : Subject Specific Skills

● Digital Documentation (Advanced)

1. Styles in a Document

● A style in a word processor, is a named

collection of various formatting information that

defines the look and behaviour of document

components associated with this style.

● All style related information and management

happens through a special floating window in

Writer known as Styles and Formatting window.

● Fill Format mode is useful in situations when you

have to apply a style to multiple scattered

objects in a document.

● To apply a style, select the object on which a

style is to be applied, and then double-click on

the style name which is to be applied on it from

the Styles and Formatting window.

● To copy the styles from another document, use

command Styles and Formatting window ® New

Styles ® Load styles, and then select the

required document from the From File window.

2. Images in a Document

● In a text document of Writer, you can insert an

image from a file, a scanned image or from gallery.

● The gallery contains ready-to-use objects and

sounds that you can insert in a document.

● Writer provides the Image dialog box and image

toolbar to make modification in images.

● The eight resize handles are used to resize an

image.

● Shapes is a drawing feature that helps you to

draw different shapes like, circles, rectangles,

starts callouts etc.

● Cropping means removing unwanted area from

an image starting from its boundary.

● Grouping allows you to combine multiple objects

to behave like one object.

● The Wrap setting determines the relation

between the text and the graphics in a

document.

● An object can be aligned horizontally and

vertically in a document.

3. Working with Templates

● A template is a predefined layout that contains

sample content, themes, colours, font-styles,

background styles, etc., and gives an initial

foundation to build a document.

● A template can be created in Writer by saving a

document with an .ott extension.

● In Writer, it is possible to set up the custom

template as a default template.

● To organize and use templates, you can use

File ® Templates command submenu.

4. Using a Table of Contents

● The Table of Contents is a necessary index,

generally available in long documents, books,

drafts, etc. It consists of headings and sub

headings of a book or document.

● The Writer lets you build an automated table of

contents using the Table of Contents and Index

feature available in the Insert menu.

● The hierarchy of headings can be defined in a

document, if it contains multi-level headings.

● In Writer, you can easily customize every element

of the table of contents by using the Table of

Contents or Bibliography dialog box.

5. Using Mail Merge

● The Mail Merge feature of Writer enables you to

quickly create and print multiple copies of a

document, mailing labels, and so on.

● Main document is the document that contains

the text to be sent along with the merged fields.

● The data for individual recipients can be stored in

a spreadsheet, table or a database, and this is

known as the data source.

● The Mail Merge wizard can be started from the

Tools menu of Writer.

● Labels are stickers that may contain information

related to a product to advertise, a warning

message, instructions for use, environmental

advice, batch number etc.

● Electronic Spreadsheets (Advanced)

1. What-if Analysis

● The Consolidate feature collates the contents of

cells from several worksheets and maintains the

collected data in a matter worksheet with minimal

efforts.

● The Subtotal feature generates a subtotal of the

rows of related data.

● By using Scenarios feature, you can analyse the

data by putting different input values.

● The Multiple operations tool displays the result of

applying formula to a list of alternative values for

variables in a separate range of cells.

● Goal Seek is used to set a goal to find the

optimum value for one or more target variables,

given with the certain conditions.

● Solver is the elaborate form of Goal Seek. It

deals with equations with multiple unknown

variables.

2. Linking Spreadsheets

● Linking spreadsheet data enables you to keep

information up-to-date without editing multiple

locations every time the data changes.

● A hyperlink is a coloured and underlined text or

graphics that you click to open a file, location in a

file, or a web page.

● There are two types of hyperlinks used in Calc —

Relative and Absolute.

● A relative hyperlink contains a partial address,

i.e., an address which is relative to the address of

the output file.

● An absolute hyperlink contains the full address of

the destination file or web page. By default, Calc

shows an absolute hyperlink.

3. Share and Review a Spreadsheet

● Sharing spreadsheet feature allows multiple users

to work on the same worksheet simultaneously.

● The command Tools ® Share document can be

used to switch the mode for a document from

unshared to shared.

● The Track changes feature enables you to keep a

track on the changes done by all users in a

spreadsheet. You can either Accept or Reject

these changes as per the requirement.

● The Record Changes mode is started by the

command Edit ® Changes ® Record

● Compare document feature is used to compare

the edited document with the original one. The

command used for this is: Edit ® Changes ®

Compare document.

● Merging spreading spreadsheets help in

reviewing all the changes done in different

sheets in one go.

4. Macros in Spreadsheets

● The Macro feature of Calc allows you to record a

set of actions that you perform repeatedly in a

spreadsheet.

● Macros are usually written in a language called

the Base.

● You can use Tools ® Macros, to record and run

a macro.

● Internally, for each macro a code is generated,

which is stored inside Sub and End Sub

clauses.

● The values passed to a macro are called its

Arguments.

● Database Management System

1. Database refers to the collection of interrelated data

and a Database Management System (DBMS) is a

computer program that manages a database

effectively and efficiently.

2. Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is

a type of DBMS software that uses Relational

database model for its database.

3. A relational model enables the users to store data in

several tables, and whenever the data is needed, it

can be retrieved easily by establishing a relationship

among them.

4. The extension of a database file in Base is .odb.

5. Duplication of data is known as data redundancy.

6. The objects of a Database are: Tables, Forms,

Queries and Reports that are used to manage data.

● A Table refers to a storage container storing data

pertaining to single object, subject or purpose.

● A Query is a statement that gives you filtered data

according to your conditions and specifications.

● A Form is an interface in user specified layout

that lets users view, enter, or change data

directly in the table.

● A Report is an effective way to present data in

a printed format.

7. Key It is defined as the column or the set of

columns of the database table which is used to

identify each record uniquely in a relation. Types

of key are

● A primary key is a field that uniquely identifies

the records in a table.

● A foreign key consists of one or more fields

whose values matches a primary key in

another table.

● A composite key or composite primary key

refers to a combination of two or more

attributes that uniquely identifies the record in

a table.

8. A data type determines what type of data you can enter into a filed.