Cbse, class 7, IT computer, unit 1 Ch.1 Types of Software

Cbse, class 7, IT computer, unit 1 Ch.1 Types of Software

System Software It is responsible for managing and controlling hardware resources so that other software and users can use the hardware effectively.

Operating System:

An Operating System (OS) is the most important and basic set of software required for a computer to function. It manages the hardware resources and provides some common services for the users.

A general purpose computer must have an operating system to install and run other programs.

 

Some of the basic tasks of an operating system are:

·         Receiving input from input devices and send output to output devices. Š

·         keeping track of files and directories on the hard disk and other storage devices Š

·         allocating memory to various programs and files Š

·         ensuring security by specifying user access rights

·         Some examples of operating systems are DOS, UNIX, Windows, LINUX, Ubuntu and Mac OS X.

 

 

Language Processors:

The instructions in these programs cannot be executed directly by the computer; they need to be converted into machine language.

A Language Processor is required to convert a high-level program into the machine language program that can then be run on a computer. There are two types of language processors — interpreters and compilers

Difference between interpreter and Compiler

Interpreter	Compiler
Interpreter translates just one statement of the program at a time into machine code.	Compiler scans the entire program and translates the whole of it into machine code at once.
An interpreter takes very less to analyze the source code. time	A compiler takes a lot of time to analyze the source code.
An interpreter does not generate an intermediary code.	A compiler always generates an intermediary object code.
Keeps translating the program continuously till the first error is confronted. If any error is spotted, it stops working and hence debugging becomes easy.	A compiler generates the error message only after it scans the complete program and hence debugging is relatively harder while working with a compiler.
Interpreters are used by programming languages like Ruby and Python for example.	Compliers are used by programming languages like C and C++ for example.

 

Utility Programs

Application software that assist system software in doing their work is called utility software.

Examples:

• Antivirus software: Norton Anti Virus and Bull Guard are examples of antivirus and security tools.

·         Compression utilities: WinZip and WinRAR are widely used file.

·         Defragmentation tools: Defrag and Perfect Disk.

·         Disk management tools: CCleaner and Disk Cleanup are used for removing unwanted files from your computer.

·         Backup Tools