IT (402) Class-IXBook- Database Entry OperatorUnit-1 Introduction to IT & ITes Industries

IT (402) Class-IX

Book- Database Entry Operator

Unit-1 Introduction to IT & ITes Industries

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Short answer questions:

Q 1. What do you understand by the term IT and ITeS?

Ans-

IT	ITes
Information Technology (IT) means creating, managing, storing and exchanging information. IT includes all types of technology used to deal with information, such as computer hardware and software technology used for creating, storing, and transferring information	Information Technology that enables the business by improving the quality of service is Information Technology enabled Services (ITeS). ITeS is also called web-enabled services or remote services that cover the entire operations which exploit Information Technology for improving the efficiency of an organisation.
Ex-Computer, input, process, output devices, mobile, internet, etc.	Ex- all offices like call centres, payrolls, logistics management, revenue claims processing, medical billing, coding, medical transcription, legal databases, back office operations, content development, GIS (geographical information system), web services and Human Resource (HR) services, etc.

Q2) What are the pros and cons of using ICT?

Ans-

Pros /Advantages using ICT

Cons /Disadvantages using ICT

1. Communication - Speed / time – money can be saved because it’s much quicker to move information around. With the help of ICT it has become quicker and more efficient.

2. Globalization - Video conferencing saves money on flights and accommodation. ICT has not only brought the countries and people closer together, but it has allowed the world's economy to become a single interdependent system to contact either a business or family member.

3. Cost effectiveness - It feels free to send an email (although it isn’t); it’s without doubt cheaper than phone calls. ICT has also helped to automate business practices, thus restructuring businesses to make them exceptionally cost effective.

4. Greater Availability - ICT has made it possible for businesses to be automated giving clients access to a website or voicemail 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

5. Bridging the cultural gap – Greater access to technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.

6. Creation of new jobs - Probably, the best advantage of ICT has been the creation of new and interesting jobs.

7. Education – Computer’s along with their programs and the Internet have created educational opportunities not available to previous generations.

8. Through ICT , images can easily be used in teaching and improving the retentive memory of student.

9. Complex structure - through ICT, teachers can easily explain complex structure ,instruction and ensure students comprehension.

10. Through ICT , teachers are able to create interactive classrooms and make the lesson more enjoyable..

1. Education – Computer’s along with their programs and the Internet have created educational opportunities not available to previous generations.

2. Lack of job security – Experts in a wide variety of fields believe that ICT has made job security a big issue, since technology keeps on changing nearly every day. This means that individuals need to be constantly studying or at least keeping up with changes in their profession, if they want to feel secure in their jobs to be secure.

3. Overriding Cultures - While ICT may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture consuming another weaker one. For example, it is now argued that teenagers in the US influence how most young teenagers all over the world now act, dress, and behave

4. Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication quicker, easier, and more convenient, it has also brought along privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to e-mail hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge.

5. Reliance on Technology – Professor Ian Robertson, a neuropsychology expert based at Trinity College Dublin who carried out the study, said: “People have more to remember these days, and they are relying on technology for their memory but the less you use of your memory, the poorer it becomes. . people don’t bother learning to spell because they use spell-checker, or need a calculator do perform minor addition or subtraction.

6. Reliability of Information – Anyone with access to a computer and an internet connection internet can start a blog or post something up on a website, so just because something’s on the web doesn't mean it’s reliable. A prime example of this is the open source encyclopedia, Wikipedia, although considered a good source of information it is not recognized by academic institutions as a trustworthy reference.

7. Computer viruses, worms, Trojans, malware, spam, phishing- any or all can cause chaos and disrupt our daily lives

8. Setting - setting up the device can be very trouble some.

9. Expansive - too expansive to afford.

10. Lack of experience - hard for teachers to use with a lack of experience using ICT tools.

Q3) What precautions are required to ensure that ICT use is safe?

Ans- One should install protective software's like antivirus which can help to reduce any damage to the data present in the computer, from malfunction, data erasing, heatup's etc.

- create backup of data on a regular basis. One must always have a backup storage whether on icloud or somewhere else, to help regain information in case any data may be lost.

Q4) What are the three main sub-sectors in the IT-BPM industry?

Ans

(a) Multinational Companies (MNCs):

(b) Indian Service Providers (ISPs)

Q5) Give examples of use of IT in everyday life.

Ans-In our daily life, we use washing machines, microwave oven and many other products using which have embedded software. We can store all the information about our important work, appointments schedules and list of contacts in a computer

Q6) How is IT used in libraries?

Ans-Nowadays many libraries are computerised. Each book has a barcode associated with it. This makes it easier for the library to a keep track of books and the availability of a specific book. Computer software is used to issue and return the book.

Q7) What are the various processes of education where IT is used?

Ans- There are many ways in which the ICT is used for education in the classroom, such as

• e-learning classrooms;

• smart-board presentations;

• videos on experiments;

• creation of images and video;

• desktop publishing of magazines, letters and documents;

• educational games;

• learning using the CD-ROM media; and

• gathering educational information on the Internet.

Q8) Which software are used in digital communication?

Ans-We use computers for email, chatting, FTP, telnet and video conferencing.

Q9) For what purpose is IT used in business?

Ans-Computers are used in business organisations for payroll calculation, budgeting, sales analysis, financial forecasting, managing and maintaining stocks. A lot of business transactions happen through Internet called e- commerce. IT facilitates marketing, customer visit, product browsing, shopping basket checkout, tax and shopping, receipt and process order.

Q10) Which are the prominent areas where IT is used in science and engineering?

Ans-Scientists and engineers use computers for performing complex scientific calculations, Computer Aided Design (CAD) or Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) applications are used for drawing, designing and for simulating and testing the designs.

Q11) List the various uses of IT in a banking system.

Ans- Recurring deposits (e-RD), Fixed deposits (e-FD), money transfer from one account to another (NEFT, RTGS), online transactions are done using Internet. Capital market transactions, financial analysis and related services are available in online platforms. Bank customers use Automated Teller Machines (ATM) for cash deposits and withdrawal, or to view current balance.

Q12) Which are the different areas of healthcare where IT is used? And how?

Ans-ICT is used in the health sector in numerous ways.

1) Hospital Management System is used to maintain and manage patients’ records as well as various activities pertaining to hospital administration.

2) The computerised machines are used for ECG, EEG, Ultrasound and CT Scan.

3) The variety of measuring instruments and surgical equipment are used to monitor patients’ conditions during complex surgery.

4) Expert system is used for diagnosis. Health care manufacturing companies use computers to aid the production of diagnostic tools and instruments.

5) Computers are an integral part of laboratories and dispensaries. They are used in scanning and diagnosing different diseases

Q13)List any 5 websites of the Indian government which provide IT enabled services to the people.

Ans- The following are the most popular websites which provide IT enabled services to the people.

a) https://uidai.gov.in - Aadhaar website provides e-services to apply for new Aadhaar card, status of Aadhaar card, download Aadhaar card or changes to Aadhaar card.

b) https://www.indiapost.gov.in - It is used as a web portal for all postal related services in India.

c) https://portal1.passportindia.gov.in - This is used to apply new or change and other passport related services.

d) https://www.epfindia.gov.in - It is used as a web portal for all provident fund related services in India.

e) https://www.irctc.co.in - IRCTC website is used to book rail tickets, check ticket status and many other citizen services.

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